Parveen et al., 2025

All three figures include annotations with garbled lettering, characteristic of AI-generated figures. See, for example, Guo et al., 2024. This article was flagged by Reese Richardson on PubPeer.

Bibliography

Parveen N, Al-Basri Y, Nivetha A, Ansari S, Yewale M, Alam M. Advanced Nanostructured Oxide Materials and Composites for Efficient Heavy Metal Removal from Water. Topics in Catalysis. 2025. doi: 10.1007/s11244-025-02199-5.